Nizarorustu: A Textual Analysis of the Battle of Niså

Works Cited

1. ↵
   1. Abram, Christopher

   . 2001. “Scribal Authority in Skaldic Verse: Þórbjǫrn hornklofi’s Glymdrápa.” Arkiv för Norkisk Filogi 116: 5–19.

   OpenUrl
2. ↵
   Adamus. 1876. Adami Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum: ex recensione Lappenbergii. Edited by Georg Waitz. Hannoverae: Hahn.
3. ↵
   Ágrip af Nóregskonunga sǫgum. 1985. In Ágrip Fagurskinna. Edited by Bjarni Einarsson, 3–54. Íslenzk fornrit 29. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag.
4. ↵
   Ágrip af sögu Danakonunga. 1982. In Danakonunga sögur. 1982. Edited by Bjarni Guðnason, 323–36. Íslenzk fornrit 35. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag.
5. ↵
   1. Andersen, Per Sveaas

   . 1977. Samlingen av Norge og kristningen av landet 800–1130. Bergen: Universitetsforlaget.
6. ↵
   1. Andersson, Theodore M.

   2012. The Partisan Muse in the Early Icelandic Sagas (1200–1250). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Library.
7. ↵
   1. Andersson, Theodore M., and
   2. Kari Ellen Gade

   , trans. 2000. Morkinskinna: The Earliest Icelandic Chronicle of the Norwegian Kings (1030–1157). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
8. ↵
   1. Brøndsted, Johannes

   . 1965. The Vikings: The Background to a Fierce and Fascinating Civilization. Translated by Kalle Skov. London: Pelican.
9. ↵
   1. Durham, Keith

   . Viking Longship. 2002. New Vanguard. Vol. 47. Oxford, UK: Osprey.
10. ↵
    1. Earle, John, and
    2. Charles Plummer

    , eds. 1899. Two of the Saxon Chronicles Parallel. 2 vols. Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press.
11. ↵
    1. Espenak, Fred

    . 2014. AstroPixels.com. http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/phasescat/phases1001.html.
12. ↵
    Fagrskinna—Nóregs Konunga Tal. 1985. In Ágrip Fagurskinna. Edited by Bjarni Einarsson, 55–364. Íslenzk fornrit 29. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag.
13. ↵
    1. Finlay, Alison

    . 2004. Fagrskinna: A Catalogue of the Kings of Norway. Boston: Brill.
14. ↵
    1. Finlay, Alison

    . 2015. “History and Fiction in The Kings’ Sagas: The Case of Haraldr Harðráði.” Saga-Book. Vol. 39: 77–102.

    OpenUrl
15. ↵
    1. Fjalldal, Magnús

    . 2013. “Beware of Norwegian Kings: Heimskringla as Propaganda.” Scandinavian Studies 85 (4): 455–68.

    OpenUrl
16. ↵
    1. Frank, Roberta

    . 1985. “Skaldic Poetry.” In Old Norse-Icelandic Literature: A Critical Guide, edited by Carol J. Clover and John Lindow, 157–96. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
17. ↵
    1. Gade, Kari Ellen

    . 2000. “The Dating and Attributions of Verses in the Skald Sagas.” In Skaldsagas: Text, Vocation, and Desire in the Icelandic Sagas of Poets, edited by Russell Poole, 50–74. New York: Walter de Gruyter.
18. ↵
    1. Gade, Kari Ellen

    . 2009. Introduction to Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Vol. 1. Edited by Kari Ellen Gade, xlvii–cvii. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols.

    OpenUrl
19. ↵
    1. Gade, Kari Ellen

    . 2009. “Steinn Herdísarson.” In Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Vol. 1. Edited by Kari Ellen Gade, 359–81. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols.

    OpenUrl
20. ↵
    1. Ghosh, Shami

    . 2011. Kings’ Sagas and Norwegian History: Problems and Perspectives. Leiden: Brill.
21. ↵
    1. Grammaticus, Saxo

    . 2015. Gesta Danorum: The History of the Danes. Vols. I–II. Translated by Peter Fisher. Edited by Karsten Friis-Jensen. Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press.
22. ↵
    Hákonar saga góða. 1941. In Heimskringla. 1941–51. Edited by Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson, 150–97. 3 vols. Íslenzk fornrit 26–28. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag.
23. ↵
    Haralds saga Sigurðarsonar. 1951. In Heimskringla. 1941–51. Edited by Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson, 68–202. 3 vols. Íslenzk fornrit 26–28. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag.
24. ↵
    1. Jesch, Judith

    . 1996. “Norse Historical Traditions and Historia Gruffud vab Kenan: Magnús berfoettr and Haraldr hárfagri.” In Gruffudd ap Cynan: A Collaborative Biography, edited by Kari L. Maund, 117–48. New York: Boydell and Brewer.
25. ↵
    1. Jesch, Judith

    . 2001. Ships and Men in the Late Viking Age: The Vocabulary of Runic Inscriptions and Skaldic Verse. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press.
26. ↵
    Knýtlinga saga. 1982. In Danakonunga sögur. 1982. Edited by Bjarni Guðnason, 91–321. Íslenzk fornrit 35. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag.
27. ↵
    1. Lönnroth, Lars

    . 2008. “The Icelandic Sagas.” In The Viking World, edited by Stefan Brink, 304–10. London: Routledge.
28. ↵
    1. Lund, Niels

    . 1986. “The Armies of Swein Forkbeard and Cnut: leding or líð?” In Anglo-Saxon England. Vol. 15. Edited by Peter Clemoes, 105–18. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

    OpenUrl
29. ↵
    1. Madsen, Jan Skamby, and
    2. Lutz Klassen

    . 2010. Fribrødre Å: A Late 11th Century Ship-Handling Site on Falster. Moesgaard: Jutland Archaeological Society.
30. ↵
    Magnúss saga berfœtts. 1951. In Heimskringla. 1941–51. Edited by Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson, 210–37. 3 vols. Íslenzk fornrit 26–28. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag.
31. ↵
    Magnúss saga blinda og Haralds gilla. 1951. In Heimskringla. 1941–51. Edited by Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson, 278–302. 3 vols. Íslenzk fornrit 26–28. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag.
32. ↵
    Magnúss saga ins góða. 1951. In Heimskringla. 1941–51. Edited by Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson, 3–67. 3 vols. Íslenzk fornrit 26–28. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag.
33. ↵
    1. Monachus, Theodoricus

    . 1880. Theodrici Monachi Historia de antiquitate regum Norwagiensium. In Monumenta historica Norvegiæ: Latinske kildeskrifter til Norges historie i middelalderen. Edited by Gustav Storm, 1–68. Kristiania: Trykt Hos A. W. Brøgger.
34. ↵
    1. Monachus, Theodoricus

    . 1998. Historia de antiquitate regum Norwagiensium: An Account of the Ancient History of the Norwegian Kings. Translated and annotated by David McDougall and Ian McDougall, xi–xiii. London: University College London.
35. ↵
    Morkinskinna. 2000. Translated by Theodore M. Andersson and Kari Ellen Gade. London: Cornell University Press.
36. ↵
    Morkinskinna. 2011. Edited by Ármann Jakobsson and Þórður Ingi Guðjónsson. 2 vols. Íslenzk fornrit 23–24. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag.
37. ↵
    1. Munch, Peter A.

    1846. “Geographiske bemærkninger, knyttede til et hidtil uudgivet stykke af den yngre Edda.” Annaler for Nordisk Oldkyndighed og Historie: 81–96, 365–7.
38. ↵
    Óláfs saga ins helga. 1945. In Heimskringla. 1941–1951. Edited by Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson, 3–451. 3 vols. Íslenzk fornrit 26–28. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag.
39. ↵
    Óláfs saga Tryggvasonar. 1941. In Heimskringla. 1941–51. Edited by Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson, 225–372. 3 vols. Íslenzk fornrit 26–28. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag.
40. ↵
    1. Poole, Russell G.

    1988. “The Cooperative Principle in Medieval Interpretations of Skaldic Verse: Snorri Sturluson, Þjóðólfr Arnórsson, and Eyvindr Skáldaspillir.” Journal of English and Germanic Philology 87 (2): 159–78.

    OpenUrl
41. ↵
    1. Poole, Russell G.

    1993. “Variants and Variability in the Text of Egill’s Hǫfuðlausn.” In The Politics of Editing Medieval Texts, edited by Roberta Frank, 65–105. New York: AMS Press.
42. ↵
    1. Poole, Russell G.

    2009. “Halli Stirði.” In Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Vol. 1. Edited by Kari Ellen Gade, 337–43. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols.

    OpenUrl
43. ↵
    Prologus. 1941. In Heimskringla. 1941–51. Edited by Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson. 3 vols. Íslenzk fornrit 26–28. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag.
44. ↵
    1. Ravn, Morten

    . 2016. Viking-Age War Fleets: Shipbuilding, Resource Management and Maritime Warfare in 11th-century Denmark. Roskilde: Viking Ship Museum.
45. ↵
    1. Sawyer, Peter

    , ed. 1997. The Oxford Illustrated History of the Vikings. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
46. ↵
    1. Stavnem, Rolf

    . 2014. “Creating Tradition: The Use of Skaldic Verse in Old Norse Historiography.” In Eddic, Skaldic, and Beyond: Poetic Variety in Medieval Iceland and Norway, 87–101. New York: Fordham University Press.
47. ↵
    1. Sturlason, Snorre

    . 1900. Kongesagaer. Edited and translated by Gustav Storm. Christiania: Stenersen.
48. ↵
    1. Sturluson, Snorri

    . 1932. Heimskringla or the Lives of the Norse Kings. Edited and translated by Erling Monsen and Albert H. Smith. Cambridge, UK: W. Heffer.
49. ↵
    1. Sturluson, Snorri

    . 1964. Heimskringla: History of the Kings of Norway. Translated by Lee M. Hollander. Austin: University of Texas Press.
50. ↵
    1. Sturluson, Snorri

    . 1966. King Harald’s Saga: Harald Hardradi of Norway. Translated by Magnus Magnusson and Hermann Pálsson. London: Penguin Books.
51. ↵
    1. Turville-Petre, Gabriel

    1968. Haraldr the Hard-Ruler and His Poets. Dorothea Coke Memorial Lecture in Northern Studies. London: H. K. Lewis.
52. ↵
    US Government. 1916. Scandinavian Pilot. Vol. II: The Kategatt to Cape Arkona, including the Sound, the Great and Little Belts, and Kiel Bay. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
53. ↵
    1. Whaley, Diana

    . 1991. Heimskringla: An Introduction. London: Viking Society for Northern Research.
54. ↵
    1. Whaley, Diana

    . 1993. “The Kings’ Sagas.” In Viking Revaluations: Viking Society Centenary Symposium 14–15 May 1992, edited by Anthony Faulkes and Richard Perkins, 43–64. London: Viking Society for Northern Research.
55. ↵
    1. Whaley, Diana

    . 2009. “Þjóðólfr Arnórsson.” In Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Vol. 1. Edited by Kari Ellen Gade, 57–176. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages. Turnhout: Brepols.

    OpenUrl
56. ↵
    1. Wise, Terence

    . 1979. Saxon, Viking and Norman. Men-at-Arms Series. Vol. 85. Oxford, UK: Osprey.